Sécurité et opérations de maintien de la paix (OMP) au Sahel : Les multiples politiques publiques de sécurité menées au cours de la dernière décennie au Sahel, à la suite du conflit malien, donnent à réfléchir sur leur efficacité.
Les citoyens évoquent l'échec de ces mécanismes qui n'ont pas permis d'assurer la sécurité des populations touchées par l'augmentation de la violence. La région est extrêmement instable en raison de la présence croissante de groupes criminels transnationaux qui contrôlent les mouvements de personnes, le trafic de drogue, le trafic d'armes et, désormais, l'exploitation irrégulière des mines. L'hybridation entre les réseaux criminels et les groupes armés insurrectionnels est telle qu'il est très difficile de définir exactement quel type de menace a déstabilisé le cœur du Sahel. Au Mali, l’instabilité s'accentue suite à la crise de 2012 au cours de laquelle des groupes armés djihadistes et sécessionnistes (essentiellement Touaregs, Arabes et Peulhs) se sont unis pour s'installer dans la région de l'Azawad (Nord du Mali).
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