Cette étude soutient que les efforts pour améliorer la sécurité maritime dans la région de la Corne de l'Afrique supposent un certain modèle selon lequel les préoccupations et le point de vue du monde développé avaient tendance à éclipser l'agenda des Etats de la région. Cette dichotomie entre les acteurs ci-dessus mentionnés s'est révélée, par exemple, dans l'interprétation des sources de l'insécurité maritime, dans le focus des initiatives et dans la «division des tâches» informelle dans le domaine de la sécurité maritime qui a émergé dans la région.
L'étude affirme que, pour la communauté internationale, la principale préoccupation et menace est la piraterie. D'un autre côté, les Etats et les acteurs non-étatiques de la région ont une vision plus complexe et plus structurelle de la nature de l'insécurité maritime dans la Corne de l'Afrique. L'étude montre que cet état de fait a mené à une situation où des ressources et des efforts immenses ont été orientés vers la lutte contre la piraterie alors que d'autres sources d'insécurité maritime ont été écartées. Les efforts et les initiatives contre la piraterie ont été caractérisés par une duplication des efforts et une concurrence entre les différentes agences et entités.
Bien que les efforts contre la piraterie aient atteint des résultats impressionnants, cela s'est fait dans un contexte où les intérêts et les initiatives régionaux ont été mis de côté. Les Etats de la région et la principale organisation régionale, l'IGAD, ont, à maintes reprises, essayé de formuler un agenda et un ensemble d'intérêts pour la sphère de la sécurité maritime, mais d’un point de vue pratique, ils ont également eu à s'adapter aux circonstances. Cette étude montre que les gouvernements dans la région ont coopéré avec les initiatives internationales et ont, dans le processus, engrangé des ressources et des avantages dérivés de l'attention mondiale sur la piraterie sur les côtes de la Somali
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