FIFTH EDITION WEST AFRICA DIALOGUE “Security Challenges in West Africa: Perspectives on Peace Issues in Times of Democratic Transition or Conflict”

Several experts, including academics, senior officers, civil society leaders and representatives of state and diplomatic institutions, were brought together to reflect, analyse and make recommendations on the security issues affecting the regional community. This year's keynote address was given by Dr Ismaila CEESAY, Gambia's Minister of Information. The Gambian minister highlighted the etiological factors behind the new security dynamic in the region. The diagnosis revealed that the fragility of West African states, as well as the failure of many institutions, constitute a breeding ground exploited by armed groups. Dr CEESAY calls for a negotiated situation, a strengthening of the legal arsenal, and good governance measures to promote social inclusion. Conflicts can be contained at an early stage. Competition and rivalry between states must be managed with tact. Efforts must be made to promote inclusive dialogue between state actors. African states must also pool their strategies and resources to avoid over-dependence on international funding.

This requires coordination at all levels, both at decision-making and operational levels. Democracy is put to the test at every stage of political life. Between constitutional changes and a return to coups d'état in some countries, the fundamentals of the rule of law and national stability are being shaken. The year 2024, which is undeniably an electoral year, particularly in West Africa, should see no fewer than seven national consultations over the course of the year. While the forthcoming polls will include both legislative and presidential elections, it should be noted that the presidential elections are also likely to be held in countries currently under military rule, and which are expected to see civilians return to power following these elections. The workshop thus provided an opportunity for in-depth reflection, through the various panel presentations, but also and above all, through the exchanges and discussions that followed. The aim was to come up with concrete answers and solutions to achieve peace and collective security in West Africa.